In theatre, the fourth wall is the imaginary wall that separates the performers from the audience. The term “breaking the fourth wall” is used to describe moments when the characters acknowledge the audience or interact with them directly.
The fourth wall is a convention of theater that allows audiences to suspend their disbelief and imagine that they are witnessing a story unfolding in front of them, rather than watching actors perform.
The term originates from the proscenium arch stage, which has three walls and one opening, or “fourth wall”, for the audience to see the performance. In most theaters, the fourth wall is considered to be invisible by the actors, who pretend that it does not exist.
In the original stage production of Peter Pan, the boy who never grew up regularly addressed the audience directly. Also, Tinkerbell is able to connect with the audience and make them feel as if they are part of the story. This technique is used throughout the movie to great effect and helps to create an unforgettable experience for viewers.
I personally witnessed actress Faye Grant, who played Lina Lamont on Broadway’s Singin’ in the Rain, break the fourth wall when she accidentally tripped. While still staying in character, she addressed the audience by saying, “Let’s try this again” and started the scene over.
This technique is still used in theater today and has been popularized in film and television as well.
Matthew Broderick in Ferris Bueller’s Day Off
A great example is in the film Ferris Bueller’s Day Off when Ferris Bueller, played by Matthew Broderick, addresses the audience to let us in on his scheme.
Another example is the character of Mr. Roper on the television sitcom Three’s Company. Mr. Roper would constantly badger his wife, then look directly at the audience and laugh.
And how could we not include Woody Allen. Watch him break the fourth wall in this clip.
Dana Carvey in Wayne’s World
Okay, okay, one more because this one is so funny, I have to include it. Wayne’s World – I Will Not Bow to Any Sponsor. Wayne (Mike Myers) and Garth (Dana Carvey) explain to Benjamin (Rob Lowe) that they are not in it for the money while doing their podcast.
Why Do Actors Break the Fourth Wall?
One reason an actor might break the fourth wall is to engage with the audience directly. This can create a more intimate feeling between the performer and viewer. It can also make the performance more interactive and allow for more improvisation. Additionally, breaking the fourth wall can make a play or movie feel more realistic.
Another reason an actor might break the fourth wall is to acknowledge that they are aware they are performing. This can be used as a comic device, to make a meta-commentary on the performance or to point out errors in the production.
Sometimes it is even used to create suspense or tension. No matter the reason, it is clear that breaking the fourth wall can be a powerful tool for actors.
Norman Fell and Audra Lindley in Three’s Company
An Effective Tool
Breaking the fourth wall can be a very effective tool in storytelling. It can create a more immersive experience for the audience and make them feel more connected to the characters. It can also be used to surprise and delight the audience, and to add an element of humor to a story. When used sparingly, it can be a powerful tool that can enhance the experience of watching the show (or even reading a book). However, it is important to know when to use this device and when to avoid it, as overuse can result in confusion or annoyance for the audience.
Some argue that this style of writing and performance breaks the suspension of disbelief necessary for enjoying a work of fiction. Others believe that it allows for a more personal connection between the audience and the characters on stage or screen. What do you think? Is breaking the fourth wall effective or ineffective? Let us know your thoughts and what theater, film and television shows you’ve seen where an actor has broken the fourth wall. Leave comments at DirectSubmit / NYCastings.
